DOI 10.60531/INSIGHTOUT.2024.2.8| LAI: SMART CITY TRANSITION_ INSIGHTOUT 2(2024) 57 Question 6b 6e 6.1d 6.1j 6.1l Statistical method: independent sample t-test t-value Degree of freedom Two-sided probability 1.913 111.690 0.058 2.992 133 0.003* 2.257 125 0.026* 3.990 125<0.001* 2.147 118 0.034* *indicating significant difference(smaller than 0.05) Table 4: Results of the statistical analysis regarding the effect of gender on attitudes towards SBMS c. Attitude towards SBMS Five statements concerning participants’ percep­tions towards smartphones and SBMS were anal­ysed to reveal whether there are gendered differenc­es among attitudes. Except for the statement about smartphones being an essential device in daily life, table 4 shows the other four statements have signif­icant differences, and females tend to disagree with four statements compared to males(see fig. 12). To interpret the results, it seems that females tend to be unsure if SBMS can assist citizens who have difficulty using traditional transportation modes and doubt if SBMS helps preserve the environment. As previously mentioned, this could probably be Fig. 12: Four statements with significant gendered differences related to attitude explained by females having less experience with SBMS, meaning that they do not see the necessity and benefits of using SBMS. Additionally, while males appear to utilise more route-planning services, they exhibit greater caution regarding third parties using their real-time location data and even tend to be sceptical about the benefits of smartphones in their lives compared to females. The gendered differences reveal the negative attitudes of both genders, only in different aspects. Indeed, the overall sceptical attitudes towards smart mobility align with the analysis of expert interviews. Figure 13 shows the code frequency in relation to interviewees, with larger squares indicating more quotations related to the corresponding code. A ten­dency can be observed that interviewees from the private and civic sectors emphasised the drawbacks of smart mobility. In contrast, interviewees from the public sector predominantly focused on the positive aspects of smart mobility, as if presenting a propa­gandistic narrative to advertise the“smart city”. 33 Both results suggest a discrepancy in attitudes to­wards smart mobility between the HKGOV and citi­zens in Hong Kong. 33 A. Cole et al.,“The‘Smart City’ between Urban Narrative and Empty Signifier: The Case of Hong Kong”, in A. Cole, A. Healy and C. Morel Journel(eds.), Constructing Narratives for City Governance (Cheltenham, 2022), 101–123.